Gray Baby & Reye's syndromes

بسم الله الرحم الرحيم سوف نناقش بعض الحالات والمتلازمات التى تظهر كعرض جانبى لدواء معين ، ولعل أشهر هاتين الحالتين هما : 1- Reye's syndrome 2- Gray baby syndrome 1-Reye's syndrome What is Reye's syndrome? Reye's syndrome is a very rare disease that children can get while they're recovering from any viral infection, including the flu, a cold, or chickenpox. What are the symptoms of Reye's syndrome? • diarrhoea and sometimes vomiting • difficulty breathing • drowsiness or lethargy • hyperactivity and agitation • seizures • coma Any child showing the above symptoms may need to be assessed urgently by your own doctor or a hospital doctor, if necessary. What causes Reye's syndrome? Although the cause of the disease is unknown, studies have found that children are more likely to get it if they take aspirin. It is now recommended that aspirin should not be given to children under 16 years. You should therefore never give your child aspirin unless your doctor prescribes it. Instead, keep infant paracetamol suspension or ibuprofen on hand to relieve pain and fever. Also, don't take any products containing aspirin if you're breastfeeding, since the drug is passed on to your baby through your breastmilk ************************************************** **************************** Gray baby syndrome a condition in infants caused by a reaction to chloramphenicol, a drug used to fight a number of bacterial infections. Because of an inability to break down high doses of drugs, newborns can experience cardiovascular collapse, as reflected in the ashen-gray skin color typical of the syndrome. Other symptoms are a bloated abdomen, vomiting, lethargy, and difficulty… Gray syndrome is a dangerous condition that occurs in newborns (especially premature babies) who are given the drug chloramphenicol. Symptoms Symptoms usually begin 2 - 9 days after treatment has been started. They include: · Body limpness and ashen gray color · Cardiovascular collapse · Cyanosis · Low blood pressure (hypotension) · Low body temperature (hypothermia) · Vomiting, refusal to suck, passage of loose green stools Treatment Overdoses can be treated with an exchange transfusion which involves removing portions (aliquots) of the baby's blood and replacing it with donated blood. Causes Chloramphenicol is a drug used to fight bacterial infections, including menigitis. If given to a newborn, however, this drug can trigger a potentially deadly poisonous reaction. Babies do not have the enzymes (special proteins in the body) needed to break down this drug. The drug builds up in the baby's bloodstream, and can lead to: Blue lips, nail beds, and skin from lack of oxygen in the blood (cyanosis) Death Low blood pressure Prevention Chloramphenicol is generally not given to newborns or premature infants. It can be given safely at lower doses. However, with newer drugs available for bacterial infections, chloramphenicol use has decreased dramatically. Chloramphenicol may be passed on to an infant through breast milk, and therefore may be unsafe for the mother to take during pregnancy and while breast-feeding. Do not take this drug without seeking advice from your doctor if you are either pregnant or nursing. Source:https://www.google.com/health/ref/Gray+baby+syndrome ودى ياجماعة تختلف تماماً عن Blue baby syndrome Blue baby syndrome (or simply, blue baby) is a layman's term used to describe newborns with cyanotic conditions, such as Cyanotic heart defects Tetralogy of Fallot Dextro-Transposition of the great arteries Hypoplastic left heart syndrome Methemoglobinemia Respiratory distress syndrome Source:wikipedia