INTRODUCTION OF ORAL LIQUID DOSAGE FORMS
:
- why pharmacist should compound oral dosage forms?
1 - Many drug products are not commercially available as oral liquid
.
.
*difficulties facing pharmacist who is going to prepare an oral liquid dosage forms:
- unstable drugs are even more unstable in solution. - Poorly soluble drugs must be solublised or suspended. - Bad tasting drugs must be flavored to be relatively platable. - Multiple dose packages need a proper preservation system
.
the pharmaceutical or analytical grade chemicals are better for use rather than ones derived from commercially available drug like injection, tablets, or capsules
.
.
* PH is critical in maintaining drug in solution, a slight inc. or dec. in the pH
can cause some drugs to precipitate from a solution
.
-a slight adjustment of PH can aid in solubilising some drugs.
N.B: Basic drugs are highly soluble in acidic medium and vice versa
.
Stability and storage condition of preparation
: N.B:-liquids for oral use may contain suitable antimicrobial preservative, antioxidants, and other exepients such as dispersing, suspending, thickening, emulsifying, buffering, wetting, solubilising, flavoring, sweetening and coloring agents.
Labeling :
the label should states
:
1- The date after which the oral liquid is not intended to be used
.
the bottle should be shaken before use
:
- why pharmacist should compound oral dosage forms?
1 - Many drug products are not commercially available as oral liquid
.
مثال: عند نقص دواءالـ Buscopan syrup من السوق كان لابد من ايجاد طريقة اخرى لتحضيرة فى هيئة سائل من اجل الاطفال
2- Infants, pediatric, and some psychiatric patients cannot swallow solid dosage forms. 3- Drugs are often more bioavailable in liquid form than solid form.
*difficulties facing pharmacist who is going to prepare an oral liquid dosage forms:
- unstable drugs are even more unstable in solution. - Poorly soluble drugs must be solublised or suspended. - Bad tasting drugs must be flavored to be relatively platable. - Multiple dose packages need a proper preservation system
.
ودى من المشاكل اللى بتواجهنا واحنا بنحضر السوائل لذلك فى احتياطات يجب اتخاذها لتقليل هذة المشاكل وتفاديها وتحسين خواص التركيبة ومنها:
1- The source of active ingredients: the pharmaceutical or analytical grade chemicals are better for use rather than ones derived from commercially available drug like injection, tablets, or capsules
.
يجب تحرى الدقة فى المصدر اللى بنحصل منة على المواد الخام لانها بتكون افضل من اللى بنحصل عليها من الحقن او الاقراص والكبسولات.
2- Sustained acting or slow release tablets or capsules are not suitable for use as a source of the active ingredients.لايصح استعمال الاقراص اوالكبسولات ممتدة المفعول او بطيئة المفعول فى تحضيرالسوائل
3- Physicochemical properties of the active ingradients, pH of maximum stability and solubility may be greatly influence the quality and the activity of pharmaceutical dosage form.
* PH is critical in maintaining drug in solution, a slight inc. or dec. in the pH
can cause some drugs to precipitate from a solution
.
-a slight adjustment of PH can aid in solubilising some drugs.
N.B: Basic drugs are highly soluble in acidic medium and vice versa
.
Stability and storage condition of preparation
: N.B:-liquids for oral use may contain suitable antimicrobial preservative, antioxidants, and other exepients such as dispersing, suspending, thickening, emulsifying, buffering, wetting, solubilising, flavoring, sweetening and coloring agents.
والمواد المضافة دى هدفها هى تحسين خواص السائل للوصول الى الشكل المرغوب فية من حيث الخواص والطعم والشكل .......الخ.
- Storage Oral liquids should be stored in well closed containers.Labeling :
the label should states
:
1- The date after which the oral liquid is not intended to be used
.
يجب ان ندون تاريخ الصلاحية.
2- The conditions under which the oral liquid should be stored.شروط التخزين للدواء مثل درجة الحرارة....الخ
3- For oral emulsions, oral suspensions……etcthe bottle should be shaken before use